Sumatra
Sumatra Regions Map
Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia and part of the Sunda Islands. It
is the largest island that is entirely in Indonesia (two larger islands, Borneo
and New Guinea, are shared between Indonesia and other countries) and the sixth
largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (including adjacent islands such as
the Riau Islands and Bangga Belitung Islands).
Sumatra is an elongated landmass spanning a diagonal northwest-southeast
axis. The Indian Ocean borders the west, northwest, and southwest sides of
Sumatra with the island chain of Simeulue, Nias and Mentawai bordering the
southwestern coast. On the northeast side the narrow Strait of Malacca
separates the island from the Malay Peninsula, an extension of the Eurasian
continent. On the southeast the narrow Sunda Strait separates Sumatra from
Java. The northern tip of Sumatra borders
the Andaman Islands, while on the lower eastern side are the islands of Bangka
and Belitung, Karimata Strait and the Java Sea.
The Bukit Barisan mountains,
which contain several active volcanoes, form the back bone of the island, while
the northeast sides are outlying lowlands with swamps, mangrove and complex
river systems. The equator crosses the island at its center on West Sumatra and
Riau provinces. The climate of the island is tropical, hot and humid with lush
tropical rain forest once dominating the landscape.
Sumatra has a wide range of plant and animal species but has lost almost
50% of its tropical rainforest in the last 35 years, and many species are
critically endangered such as the Sumatran Ground-cuckoo, Sumatran tiger,
Sumatran elephant, Sumatran rhinoceros, and Sumatran orangutan. Deforestation
on the island has also resulted in serious haze over neigh bouring countries,
such as the 2013 Southeast Asian haze causing considerable tensions with
affected countries such as Singapore and Malaysia.
Regions
Sumatra is
divided into ten provinces
Aceh
Banda Aceh
Kutacane
Takengon
Banyak Island
Lhoknga
Weh Island
Ketambe
North Sumatra
Lake Toba
Bukit Lawang
Barastagi
Nias
West Sumatra
Lake Maninjau
Mentawai Islands
Sikuai Islands
Riau Province
Tessonilo National Park
Riau Archipelago
Bintan
Batam
Karimun
Jambi
Muaro Jambi
Bukit Dua Belas National Park
Bengkulu
Raflesia Arnoldi
Elephant Conservation
South Sumatra
Palembang
Bangka Belitung
Belinyu
Jebus
Batu Rusa
Parai Tenggiri Beach
Lampung
Way Kambas
Pasir Putih Beach
Bukit Barisan Selatan
Nasional Park
Karang Nyimboi
Entry
By plane
Medan, as the largest
city on the island, has the most flights including many international services
to Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and India. Palembang, Pekan baru, and Padang and
Banda Aceh also have domestic and some international services. The new
Kualanamu International Airport opened in July 2013. It is the second largest
airport in Indonesia after Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Jakarta, and
it is set to be an international hub, with new routes slated for later
implementation.
By boat
There are numerous
ferry services connecting Sumatra to Malaysia as well as other Indonesian
islands. The main port is Dumai in Riau, which is a visa on arrival point and
has direct links to Port Klang (3 hrs), Port Dickson and Malacca (2 hrs) in
Malaysia, as well as to the Indonesian island of Batam near Singapore.
Get Around
By car
The Trans-Sumatran Highway, a 2,508.5km road, connects the
entire island of Sumatra from north to south. It passes through most major
cities like Banda Aceh, Medan, Pekanbaru and goes all the way to Bandar Lampung.
By train
The only useful railway service runs from Bandar Lampung in
the very south of Sumatra to Palembang (400 km) and to Lubuk linggau. From
Medan there a few trains a day to Pematang siantar, Tanjung Balai and Rantau
parapat.
Tourism Office
Further information about Sumatra tourism is available from the Sumatra Tourism Board.
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| Sumatra Regions Map |
Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia and part of the Sunda Islands. It
is the largest island that is entirely in Indonesia (two larger islands, Borneo
and New Guinea, are shared between Indonesia and other countries) and the sixth
largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (including adjacent islands such as
the Riau Islands and Bangga Belitung Islands).
Sumatra is an elongated landmass spanning a diagonal northwest-southeast
axis. The Indian Ocean borders the west, northwest, and southwest sides of
Sumatra with the island chain of Simeulue, Nias and Mentawai bordering the
southwestern coast. On the northeast side the narrow Strait of Malacca
separates the island from the Malay Peninsula, an extension of the Eurasian
continent. On the southeast the narrow Sunda Strait separates Sumatra from
Java. The northern tip of Sumatra borders
the Andaman Islands, while on the lower eastern side are the islands of Bangka
and Belitung, Karimata Strait and the Java Sea.
The Bukit Barisan mountains,
which contain several active volcanoes, form the back bone of the island, while
the northeast sides are outlying lowlands with swamps, mangrove and complex
river systems. The equator crosses the island at its center on West Sumatra and
Riau provinces. The climate of the island is tropical, hot and humid with lush
tropical rain forest once dominating the landscape.
Sumatra has a wide range of plant and animal species but has lost almost
50% of its tropical rainforest in the last 35 years, and many species are
critically endangered such as the Sumatran Ground-cuckoo, Sumatran tiger,
Sumatran elephant, Sumatran rhinoceros, and Sumatran orangutan. Deforestation
on the island has also resulted in serious haze over neigh bouring countries,
such as the 2013 Southeast Asian haze causing considerable tensions with
affected countries such as Singapore and Malaysia.
Regions
Sumatra is
divided into ten provinces
Aceh
Riau Province
Riau Archipelago
Bangka Belitung
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North Sumatra
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West Sumatra
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| Tessonilo National Park |
Riau Archipelago
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Jambi
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Bengkulu
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South Sumatra
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| Palembang |
Bangka Belitung
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| Lampung |
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Entry
By plane
Medan, as the largest
city on the island, has the most flights including many international services
to Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and India. Palembang, Pekan baru, and Padang and
Banda Aceh also have domestic and some international services. The new
Kualanamu International Airport opened in July 2013. It is the second largest
airport in Indonesia after Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Jakarta, and
it is set to be an international hub, with new routes slated for later
implementation.
By boat
There are numerous
ferry services connecting Sumatra to Malaysia as well as other Indonesian
islands. The main port is Dumai in Riau, which is a visa on arrival point and
has direct links to Port Klang (3 hrs), Port Dickson and Malacca (2 hrs) in
Malaysia, as well as to the Indonesian island of Batam near Singapore.
By car
The Trans-Sumatran Highway, a 2,508.5km road, connects the
entire island of Sumatra from north to south. It passes through most major
cities like Banda Aceh, Medan, Pekanbaru and goes all the way to Bandar Lampung.
By train
The only useful railway service runs from Bandar Lampung in
the very south of Sumatra to Palembang (400 km) and to Lubuk linggau. From
Medan there a few trains a day to Pematang siantar, Tanjung Balai and Rantau
parapat.
Tourism Office
Jl. Jend. A. Yani No.107, Medan. 20111
Phone. (061) 4538101, 4520559, 4524908 Fax. (061) 4528436 www.northsumatratourismFurther information about Sumatra tourism is available from the Sumatra Tourism Board.
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